Glaukoma 11 - Glaucoma - 青光眼

Glaukoma 11 - Glaucoma - 青光眼

Germanium I sometimes am reminded of the blind patients that often came to my office. There were diseases of the retinal blood vessels, such as glaucoma, black cataracts, detached retinas, inflammation of the retina and optic nerves, and without exaggeration, I can say that it was amazing how effective germanium had been. 1 often witnessed scenes where patients wept as they cried out, "Now I can see ." Those who could not see would invariably say, ''If 1 could only see again, Doctor, I would give anything. If it were money I would even go into debt to pay for it. I cannot understand the psychology of people who know the joy of seeing, and yet do evil things and are greedy. There can be no greater happiness in the world than being able to see. . .: During the International Angiological Congress, I met a professor of ophthalmology at the State Medical College of Rio de Janeiro. He wrote that using the germanium compound on a patient virtually blind with amaurosis yielded amazingly good results, and that the patient was well on the road to recovery. It had already been verified that germanium rejuvenates retinal vessels, and is therefore effective in treating glaucoma and amaurosis. His letter has added new evidence of its efficacy. http://www.regenerativenutrition.com/content.asp?id=440 Allium sativum Angelica archangelica Camellia sinensis Ganoderma lucidum Panax Ginseng Panax quinquefolius Zingiber officinale

Chromium Aside from making sure that your reading prescription is up-to-date, one of the best ways to lower pressure inside the eyeballs is with a mineral called chromium, says Dr. Lane. In a study done at Columbia University, Dr. Lane asked more than 400 people with eye disease to detail the foods they had eaten during the previous two months. Then they took tests to measure the vitamin and mineral content of their blood. Among the findings: Those people who didn’t get enough chromium and who ate too many vanadium-containing foods were at higher risk for glaucoma. (Vanadium is another common mineral that occurs naturally in many foods, including kelp, dulse and other seaweed as well as large marine fish.) “What set of muscles do we use more today than ever before in recorded history? The focusing muscles in our eyes,” says Dr. Lane. “And what nutrient helps facilitate the ability of our eye muscles to focus? The bottom line is that most of us need more chromium, especially if we have been eating refined and sugar-supplemented foods.” Adequate chromium levels are necessary to help deliver needed energy to your eye-focusing muscles, he says. And what’s the connection between eye muscles and glaucoma? When you perform tasks that require prolonged intense focus, such as reading, too much fluid can be produced inside the eyeballs, Dr. Lane explains. In some people, he says, the fluid doesn’t drain properly and pressure builds, contributing to glaucoma. People who suffer from Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes seem more likely to develop glaucoma, says Dr. Lane. And that’s not surprising, he says, because both people with diabetes and those with glaucoma have been found to be low in chromium. The best sources of chromium include egg yolks, brewer’s yeast and most unrefined foods rich in energy content. Consequently, ripe fresh sweet and starchy fruits and vegetables also contain more than adequate chromium, says Dr. Lane. The Daily Value for chromium is 120 micrograms. http://library.mothernature.com/l/preventions-healing-with-vitamins/glaucoma_971.html Achillea millefolium Actinidia chinensis Agathosma betulina Agropyron repens Allium cepa Allium sativum Aloe aloe vera Althaea officinalis Anacardium occidentale Anethum graveolens Angelica sinensis Apium graveolens Arachis hypogaea Arctium lappa Arctostaphylos uva ursi Armoracia lapathifolia Artemisia vulgaris Asparagus officinalis Astragalus membranaceus Avena sativa Berberis vulgaris Bertholletia excelsa Betonica officinalis Boehmeria nivea Brassica campestris Bupleurum chinense Capsicum annuum Capsicum frutescens Carica papaya Carthamus tinctorius Carum carvi Carya ovata Caulophyllum thalictroides Centella asiatica Chamaemelum nobile Chlorella pyrenoidosa Chondrus crispus Chrysanthemum parthenium Cichorium endivia Cimicifuga racemosa Cinnamomum aromaticum Cinnamomum verum Citrus reticulata Citrus sinensis Citrus x paradisi Cnicus benedictus Cocos nucifera Coriandrum sativum Corylus avellana Crataegus laevigata Cucumis sativus Cucurbita pepo Cuminum cyminum Curcuma longa Cymbopogon citratus Cypripedium calceolus pubescens Daucus carota Dioscorea Dioscorea villosa Diospyros virginiana Echinacea purpurea Elettaria cardamomum Eleutherococcus senticosus Ephedra sinica Equisetum arvense Eriodictyon californicum Eupatorium perfoliatum Euphrasia officinalis Fallopia japonica Foeniculum vulgare Fucus vesiculosus Galega officinalis Gentiana lutea Ginkgo Glechoma hederacea Glycyrrhiza glabra Gymnema sylvestre Harpagophytum procumbens Hibiscus sabdariffa Hordeum vulgare Humulus lupulus Hydrangea arborescens Hydrastis canadensis Inula helenium Juglans cinerea Juglans nigra Juniperus communis Juniperus virginiana Lactuca sativa Larrea tridentata Linum usitatissimum Liquidambar styraciflua Lobelia inflata Lycopersicon esculentum Malus domestica Medicago sativa Mentha piperita Mentha pulegium Musa X paradisiaca Myrica cerifera Myristica fragrans Nepeta cataria Nyssa sylvatica Panax ginseng Papaver somniferum Parthenium integrifolium Passiflora incarnata Pastinaca sativa Petasites japonicus Petroselinum crispum Phaseolus coccineus Phaseolus lunatus Pimenta dioica Pinus echinata Piper nigrum Pistacia vera Pisum sativum Plantago major Plantago psyllium Polygonum multiflorum Prunus amygdalus Prunus domestica Prunus persica Prunus serotina Ptychopetalum olacoides Pyrus communis Quercus alba Quercus discolor Quercus phellos Quercus rubra Quercus stellata Raphanus sativus Rhamnus purshiana Rheum rhabarbarum Rhus copallina Rhus glabra Ribes nigrum Ribes rubrum Ribes uva-crispa Rosa canina Rubus chamaemorus Rubus idaeus Rumex crispus Ruscus aculeatus Sabal serratula Salix alba Salvia Officinalis Sassafras albidum Schisandra chinensis Scutellaria lateriflora Senna alexandrina Sesamum indicum Silybum marianum Sinapis alba Smilax Solanum melongena Solanum tuberosum Sorbus aucuparia Spinacia oleracea Stellaria media Stevia rebaudiana Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Symphytum officinale Syzygium aromaticum Tabebuia heptaphylla Taraxacum officinale Thymus vulgaris Trachyspermum ammi Trifolium pratense Trigonella foenum-graecum Turnera diffusa Ulmus fulva Urtica dioeca Vaccinium macrocarpon Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis idaea Valeriana officinalis Verbascum thapsus Viburnum opulus Viscum album Vitis Vinifera Yucca baccata Zea mays Zingiber officinale

Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA) LA memiliki 2 isomer yaitu R-enantiomer dan S-enantiomer. R-LA (bahasa Inggris: [(R)-5-(1,2-dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoic acid) dapat ditemukan pada banyak makanan yang mengandung sejenis protein yang disebut lisina. Ikatan kovalen yang dibentuk antara kedua senyawa tersebut menghasilkan senyawa yang disebut lipolisina, yang banyak ditemukan pada bahan nabati seperti horenso (Spinacia oleracea) brokoli tomat garden peas (Pisum sativum) brussel sprouts (Brassica oleracea) rice bran (bekatul) khamir (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) dan bahan hewani seperti jantung hati ginjal

Magnesium Magnesium has long been recognized as nature's physiological calcium blocker. Previous studies had demonstrated that calcium channel-blocking drugs offer benefits for some glaucoma patients. Armed with this revelation, researchers at the University Eye Clinic in Basel, Switzerland, evaluated the effect of supplemental magnesium on glaucoma patients. Magnesium (121.5 mg twice daily) was administered to 10 glaucoma patients for 1 month. At the conclusion of the study, results substantiated that magnesium supplementation improved the peripheral circulation, with an accompanying beneficial effect on the visual field in patients with glaucoma. Magnesium also has the ability to turn off the sympathetic nervous system. This is a reputation that has earned magnesium credit in cardiology, acting as an antiadrenergic. An antiadrenergic drug blocks the effects of impulses transmitted by the adrenergic postganglionic fibers of the sympathetic nervous system. This act would tone and modify the sympathetic response, soothing the "fight or flight" syndrome. Recall that among the many functions controlled by the sympathetic nervous system--those normally not under conscious control--are dilation of the pupils and a general stimulatory response. Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system would be contraindicated in glaucoma control. Minerals are absolutely essential to longevity and quality of life. Individuals can survive longer with a vitamin deficiency than with a mineral deficiency. The importance of minerals is becoming more evident as research data amass. The trace mineral chromium has won additional credit beyond stabilization of blood glucose levels by being able to improve focusing of the eye and lower IOP. Selenium benefits ocular function, and zinc supports healthy eye structure. Selection of a good multiple will provide these vital minerals, plus additional nutrients needed for ocular health.  http://www.lef.org/protocols/prtcls-txt/t-prtcl-053.html Abelmoschus esculentus Abelmoschus manihot Acacia catechu Acacia nilotica Acacia senegal Achillea millefolium Achyranthes bidentata Aconitum carmichaelii Acorus calamus Actinidia chinensis Aframomum melegueta Agaricus bisporus Agathosma betulina Agropyron repens Akebia quinata Albizia julibrissin Alisma plantago-aquatica Allium cepa Allium sativum Allium schoenoprasum Alocasia macrorrhiza Aloe aloe vera Althaea officinalis Amaranthus Anacardium occidentale Ananas comosus Anemarrhena asphodeloides Anethum graveolens Angelica dahurica Angelica laxiflora Angelica sinensis Annona muricata Annona reticulata Annona squamosa Anthriscus cerefolium Apium graveolens Arachis hypogaea Aralia papyrifera Arctium lappa Arctostaphylos uva ursi Areca catechu Arisaema consanguineum Aristolochia debilis Armoracia lapathifolia Artemisia capillaris Artemisia dracunculus Artemisia vulgaris Artocarpus heterophyllus Asarum sieboldii Asimina triloba Aspalathus linearis Asparagus officinalis Astragalus membranaceus Atractylodes lancea Atractylodes ovata Avena sativa Averrhoa carambola Azadirachta indica Belamcanda chinensis Benincasa hispida Berberis vulgaris Bertholletia excelsa Beta vulgaris Betonica officinalis Bletilla striata Borago officinalis Brassica juncea Brassica nigra Brassica oleracea capitata Brassica oleracea var. Gongylodes Broussonetia papyrifera Bupleurum chinense Camellia sinensis Capsicum annuum Capsicum frutescens Carica papaya Carthamus tinctorius Carum carvi Carya ovata Cassia tora Castanea dentata Castanea sativa Catalpa ovata Caulophyllum thalictroides Celosia argentea var. Cristata Centaurium erythraea Centella asiatica Cerasus avium Cerasus vulgaris Chaenomeles speciosa Chamaemelum nobile Chamissoa altissima Chenopodium album Chlorella pyrenoidosa Chondrus crispus Chrysanthemum coronarium Chrysanthemum parthenium Cicer arietinum Cichorium endivia Cichorium intybus Cimicifuga racemosa Cinnamomum aromaticum Citrullus lanatus Citrus aurantiifolia Citrus limon Citrus medica Citrus reticulata Citrus sinensis Citrus x aurantium Citrus x paradisi Cnicus benedictus Cnidium officinale Cocos nucifera Coix lachryma-jobi Colocasia esculenta Commiphora mukul Coptis chinensis Coptis japonica Corchorus olitorius Coriandrum sativum Cornus officinalis Corylus avellana Costus spicatus Crataegus cuneata Crataegus laevigata Cucumis sativus Cucurbita Cucurbita maxima Cucurbita pepo Curcuma longa Cymbopogon citratus Cynanchum atratum Cynara scolymus Cyperus rotundus Cypripedium calceolus pubescens Daucus carota Dioscorea Dioscorea bulbifera Dioscorea pentaphylla Dioscorea villosa Diospyros virginiana Echinacea purpurea Eleutherococcus senticosus Ephedra Ephedra sinica Equisetum arvense Equisetum hiemale Eriobotrya japonica Eriodictyon californicum Eucommia ulmoides Eupatorium perfoliatum Euphrasia officinalis Ficus carica Firmiana simplex Foeniculum vulgare Forsythia suspensa Fritillaria thunbergii Fucus vesiculosus Fusanus persicarius Gastrodia elata Genipa americana Gentiana lutea Gentiana scabra Ginkgo Glycine max Glycyrrhiza glabra Glycyrrhiza uralensis Gymnema sylvestre Gynostemma pentaphyllum Harpagophytum procumbens Helianthus annuus Helianthus tuberosus Hibiscus sabdariffa Hordeum vulgare Houttuynia cordata Humulus lupulus Hydrangea arborescens Hydrastis canadensis Hyoscyamus niger Hyperanthera Moringa Inula helenium Ipomoea aquatica Ipomoea Batatas Isatis tinctoria Juglans cinerea Juglans nigra Juglans regia Juncus effusus Juniperus communis Juniperus virginiana Lablab purpureus Lactuca sativa Lagenaria siceraria Lantana camara Larrea tridentata Lens culinaris Lentinula edodes Ligustrum japonicum Ligustrum lucidum Linum usitatissimum Liquidambar styraciflua Lobelia inflata Lonicera japonica Luffa aegyptiaca Lupinus albus Lycium chinense Lycopersicon esculentum Lycopodium clavatum Magnolia denudata Magnolia kobus Magnolia officinalis Majorana hortensis Malpighia glabra Malus domestica Mangifera indica Manihot esculenta Medicago sativa Mentha arvensis Mentha arvensis piperascens Mentha piperita Mentha pulegium Mentha spicata Minyranthus heterophylla Momordica charantia Morinda citrifolia Morus alba Musa X paradisiaca Myrica cerifera Myristica fragrans Nasturtium officinale Nelumbo nucifera Nepeta cataria Nyssa sylvatica Ocimum basilicum Oenothera biennis Ophiopogon japonicus Opuntia ficus-indica Origanum vulgare Oryza sativa Pachyrhizus erosus Paeonia lactiflora Paeonia suffruticosa Panax ginseng Panax japonicus Panax quinquefolius Panicum maximum Papaver somniferum Parthenium integrifolium Passiflora incarnata Pastinaca sativa Perideridia gairdneri Perilla frutescens Persea americana Petasites japonicus Petroselinum crispum Phaseolus coccineus Phaseolus lunatus Phellodendron amurense Phyllanthus emblica Physalis peruviana Pimenta dioica Pimpinella anisum Pinellia ternata Pinus echinata Pinus edulis Piper nigrum Pistacia vera Pisum sativum Plantago asiatica Plantago major Plantago psyllium Platycodon grandiflorus Pleurotus ostreatus Polygala tenuifolia Polygonum multiflorum Portulaca oleracea Prunella vulgaris Prunus amygdalus Prunus armeniaca Prunus domestica Prunus persica Prunus serotina Psidium guajava Psophocarpus tetragonolobus Psoralea esculenta Pueraria pseudohirsuta Pulsatilla chinensis Punica granatum Pyrus communis Quercus alba Quercus discolor Quercus phellos Quercus rubra Quercus stellata Raphanus sativus Rehmannia glutinosa Rhamnus purshiana Rheum palmatum Rheum rhabarbarum Rhizophora mangle Rhus copallina Rhus glabra Ribes nigrum Ribes rubrum Ribes uva-crispa Rosa canina Rosa laevigata Rosmarinus officinalis Rubia cordifolia Rubus chamaemorus Rubus idaeus Rumex acetosa Rumex crispus Ruscus aculeatus Sabal serratula Salix alba Salvia miltiorrhiza Salvia Officinalis Sambucus nigra Sassafras albidum Schisandra chinensis Scutellaria baicalensis Scutellaria lateriflora Secale cereale Sechium edule Senna alexandrina Senna occidentalis Sesamum indicum Silybum marianum Sinapis alba Smilax Solanum melongena Solanum tuberosum Sophora subprostrata Sorbus aucuparia Spinacia oleracea Spondias tuberosa Stellaria media Stevia rebaudiana Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Symphytum officinale Syzygium aromaticum Syzygium cumini Syzygium jambos Tabebuia heptaphylla Tamarindus indica Taraxacum mongolicum Taraxacum officinale Tephrosia purpurea Tetradium ruticarpum Thlaspi arvense Thymus vulgaris Tragopogon porrifolius Trifolium pratense Trigonella foenum-graecum Triticum aestivum Triticum spelta Turnera diffusa Tussilago farfara Ulmus fulva Urera baccifera Urtica dioeca Vaccinium corymbosum Vaccinium macrocarpon Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis idaea Valeriana officinalis Verbascum thapsus Viburnum opulus Vicia faba Vigna radiata Viscum album Vitis Vinifera Yucca baccata Zea mays Zingiber officinale Ziziphus jujuba

Melatonin Melatonin (bahasa Inggris: melatonin, N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) adalah hormon neurotropik dengan gugus antioksidan indolamina, yang disintesis oleh kelenjar pineal yang terletak di dalam otak dari senyawa asam amino triptofan. Melalui pencerapnya, melatonin berperan dalam berbagai proses fisiologis seperti ritme biologis, regulasi tekanan darah, onkogenesis, retina, reproduksi, ovarium, sistem kekebalan dan diferensiasi osteoblas. Transduksi sinyal pada lintasan melatonin meningkatkan rasio enzim antioksidan seperti superoksida dismutase, peroksidase, glutathion dan meredam enzim prooksidan seperti nitrogen monoksida sintase dan liposigenase. Melatonin has been reported in foodstuffs including bananas and grapes rice and cereals herbs olive oil wine and beer While no food has been found to elevate plasma melatonin levels in humans, when other animals consume melatonin-containing food, blood levels of melatonin do increase.

Flavonoids Perhaps one of the best natural treatments for glaucoma is a daily dose of flavonoid complex supplements. These supplements have all five required flavonoids: flavones, flavanones, flavanols, anthocyanidins, and catechins. These have not only shown to be promising for the reversal of glaucoma, but are good for general health, too. Flavone Achillea millefolium Aesculus hippocastanum Ammi visnaga Andira araroba Anethum graveolens Arctostaphylos uva ursi Arnica montana Artemisia absinthium Betula pendula Borreria verticillata Brassica oleracea Calluna vulgaris Chamomilla recutita Chelidonium majus Chimaphila umbellata Chrysanthemum parthenium Conium maculatum Conyza canadensis Crataegus laevigata Ephedra sinica Equisetum arvense Geum urbanum Hieracium pilosella Hippophae rhamnoides Juniperus communis Linaria vulgaris Melilotus officinalis Menyanthes trifoliata Phyllanthus tenellus Primula elatior Primula veris Pyrola rotundifolia Reseda lutea Rosa canina Rosmarinus officinalis Rubus fruticosus Rubus idaeus Sanguisorba officinalis Scrophularia alata Scrophularia nodosa Silybum marianum Thymus pulegioides Thymus serpyllum Thymus vulgaris Vaccinium myrtillus Verbascum densiflorum Viburnum prunifolium Viola tricolor Vitex agnus castus flavanone Butin Vernonia anthelmintica Dalbergia odorifera Eriodictyol Millettia duchesnei Eupatorium arnottianum lemons Rosa canina Artemisia dracunculus Citrus x paradisi Eriodictyon californicum Eucalyptus globulus Ocimum basilicum Origanum vulgare Petroselinum crispum Rosmarinus officinalis Rubus phoenicolasius Silybum marianum Thymus vulgaris Hesperetin Artemisia dracunculus Citrus Citrus aurantium ssp bergamia Citrus x paradisi Eriodictyon californicum Mentha aquatica Mentha piperita Hesperidin Agathosma betulina Capsicum annuum Capsicum frutescens Citrus Citrus aurantiifolia Citrus aurantium ssp bergamia Citrus limon citrus medica Citrus reticulata Citrus sinensis Citrus x aurantium Citrus x paradisi Daphne mezereum Hyssopus officinalis Imperatoria ostruthium Mentha Mentha arvensis Mentha arvensis piperascens Mentha longifolia Mentha piperita Mentha pulegium Mentha spicata Rosmarinus officinalis Ruta graveolens Scrophularia nodosa Tilia Tilia cordata Tilia platyphylla Verbascum densiflorum Verbascum phlomoides Verbascum thapsus Homoeriodictyol Eriodictyon californicum Coriandrum sativum Isosakuranetin Citrus sinensis (blood orange) fruit of Citrus x paradisi (grapefruit) Monarda didyma (scarlet beebalm) Naringenin Grapefruit Oranges Tomato (skin) Acacia farnesiana Anacardium occidentale Artemisia dracunculus Camellia sinensis Centaurea calcitrapa Cerasus vulgaris Citrus limon Citrus sinensis Citrus x aurantium Citrus x paradisi Equisetum arvense Eucalyptus globulus Glycine max Glycyrrhiza glabra Glycyrrhiza uralensis Gnaphalium arenarium Lycopersicon esculentum Maclura aurantiaca Monarda didyma Origanum vulgare Petroselinum crispum Prunus persica Silybum marianum Thymus vulgaris Vigna radiata Naringin It is a major flavonoid in grapefruit and gives the grapefruit juice its bitter taste. Adiantum capillus veneris Citrus Citrus aurantium ssp bergamia Citrus limon Citrus reticulata Citrus sinensis Citrus x aurantium Citrus x paradisi Origanum vulgare Salix purpurea Pinocembrin damiana [Turnera diffusa] honey propolis Artemisia dracunculus Dodonaea viscosa Eriodictyon californicum Glycyrrhiza glabra Pinus montana Pinus silvestris Pinus strobus Populus balsamifera Poncirin Poncirus trifoliata Calamintha nepeta Citrus Citrus limon Citrus x paradisi Sakuranetin Polymnia fruticosa and rice, where it acts as a phytoalexin against spore germination of Pyricularia oryzae Betula Daucus carota Eriodictyon californicum Eucalyptus citriodora Eucalyptus globulus Juglans nigra Ribes nigrum Sakuranin Sterubin Eriodictyon californicum flavanol Catechins Catechin (C) catechin Mimosa catechu (Acacia catechu) Camellia sinensis Theobroma cacao Acacia catechu Acacia nilotica Acacia senegal Agrimonia eupatoria Alpinia zerumbet Anthyllis vulneraria Betula pendula Bistorta major Camellia sinensis Catha edulis Cinnamomum verum Cola nitida Crataegus laevigata Crataegus monogyna Elaeagnus angustifolia Ephedra Ephedra gerardiana Ephedra sinica Frangula alnus Garcinia mangostana Ginkgo Glycine max Hordeum vulgare Humulus lupulus Hypericum perforatum Illicium verum Laurus nobilis Leonurus cardiaca Melia azedarach Melissa officinalis Myristica fragrans Olea europaea Paullinia cupana Pimenta dioica Pinus pinaster Polygonum aequale Polypodium vulgare Prunus armeniaca Pyrus communis Quercus alba Quercus robur Quercus rubra Rheum officinale Rheum palmatum Rheum rhaponticum Rheum tanguticum Ribes nigrum Rosa Rosa canina Rosa eglanteria Salix alba Salix purpurea Salvia officinalis Santolina chamaecyparissus Theobroma cacao Vaccinium macrocarpon Vaccinium myrtillus Vanilla planifolia Vitis vinifera (+)-Catechin  Abutilon theophrasti Acacia dealbata Acacia nilotica Aesculus hippocastanum Arctostaphylos uva ursi Aspalathus linearis Camellia sinensis Ceratonia siliqua Cinnamomum aromaticum Cnicus benedictus Crataegus laevigata Crataegus monogyna Eucalyptus globulus Fagopyrum esculentum Fallopia japonica Ginkgo Gleditsia triacanthos Glycine max Hordeum vulgare Humulus lupulus Hypericum perforatum Juniperus communis Laurus nobilis Malus domestica Pinus silvestris Rheum officinale Rheum palmatum Rheum rhabarbarum Rhododendron ponticum Ribes nigrum Ribes uva-crispa Rosa canina Rubus idaeus Rumex crispus Salix alba Sanguisorba officinalis Terminalia catappa Thuja occidentalis Vaccinium corymbosum Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis idaea Vitis vinifera Gallocatechin (GC) This compound possesses two epimers. The most common, (+)-gallocatechin (GC), CAS number 970-73-0, is found notably in green tea. Other sources of (+)- gallocatechin are .) bananas persimmon pomegranate Acacia dealbata Camellia sinensis gossypium Humulus lupulus Quercus alba Quercus robur Ribes nigrum Rosa canina Theobroma cacao Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis idaea Vitis vinifera Catechin 3-gallate (Cg) Gallocatechin 3-gallate (GCg) Epicatechins Epicatechin (EC) Epicatechin  Aesculus hippocastanum Alpinia zerumbet Camellia sinensis Cerasus vulgaris Cola nitida Crataegus laevigata Elaeagnus angustifolia Humulus lupulus Hymenaea courbaril Krameria lappacea Malus domestica Pinus pinaster Pyrus communis Rosa canina Sorbus aucuparia Theobroma cacao Uncaria guianensis Vaccinium macrocarpon Vaccinium myrtillus Viburnum opulus Vicia faba Vitis vinifera (+)-Epicatechin Fagopyrum esculentum Hypericum perforatum Malus domestica (-)-Epicatechin  Abutilon theophrasti Aesculus hippocastanum Arctostaphylos uva ursi Camellia sinensis Ceratonia siliqua Cinchona Cinchona pubescens Cinnamomum aromaticum Cinnamomum verum Crataegus laevigata Crataegus monogyna Ephedra sinica Fagopyrum esculentum Ginkgo Humulus lupulus Hypericum perforatum Juniperus communis Laurus nobilis Malus domestica Myristica fragrans Pinus silvestris Rheum officinale Rheum rhabarbarum Rhododendron ponticum Rubus idaeus Rumex crispus Tamarindus indica Terminalia catappa Theobroma cacao Uncaria guianensis Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis idaea Vitis vinifera L-Epicatechin Acacia catechu Anacardium occidentale Cola acuminata Ginkgo Hamamelis virginiana Malus domestica Pterocarpus marsupium Theobroma cacao Epigallocatechin (EGC) Epigallocatechin Camellia sinensis Ribes nigrum Theobroma cacao Vaccinium myrtillus Vicia faba L-Epigallocatechin Ginkgo Hamamelis virginiana Epicatechin 3-gallate (ECg) green tea. buckwheat grape Camellia sinensis Fagopyrum esculentum Rheum rhabarbarum Epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCg) anthocyanidin Aurantinidin Impatients aurantiaca Cyanidin It is a pigment found in many redberries including but not limited to grapes, bilberry, blackberry, blueberry, cherry, cranberry, elderberry, hawthorn, loganberry, acai berry and raspberry. It can also be found in other fruits such as apples and plums. It is also found in red cabbage and red onion. Abutilon theophrasti Achillea millefolium Actinidia chinensis Aesculus hippocastanum Ajuga reptans Arctostaphylos uva ursi Asimina triloba Averrhoa carambola Bixa orellana Borago officinalis Cerasus vulgaris Cinnamomum camphora Coffea arabica Cola acuminata Crocus sativus Dianthus caryophyllus Dodonaea viscosa Elettaria cardamomum Eriobotrya japonica Fagopyrum esculentum gossypium Humulus lupulus Hypericum perforatum Juglans regia Laurus nobilis Linum usitatissimum Liquidambar styraciflua Magnolia denudata Magnolia officinalis Malus domestica Morus alba Musa x paradisiaca Myristica fragrans Pisum sativum Polygonum multiflorum Prunella vulgaris Prunus amygdalus Prunus armeniaca Prunus domestica Prunus laurocerasus Prunus serotina Prunus spinosa Ribes nigrum Rumex crispus Salix alba Solanum melongena Sorbus aucuparia Theobroma cacao Trifolium pratense Vaccinium corymbosum vaccinium myrtillus Vitis vinifera Zea mays Delphinidin Delphinidin gives blue hues to flowers like violas and delphiniums. It also gives the blue-red color of the grape that produces Cabernet Sauvignon, and can be found in cranberries and Concord grapes as well as pomegranates. Abrus abrus Abutilon theophrasti Actinidia chinensis Ajuga reptans Ammi visnaga Arctostaphylos uva ursi Borago officinalis Crocus sativus Diospyros virginiana gossypium Hibiscus sabdariffa Humulus lupulus Linum usitatissimum Liquidambar styraciflua Musa x paradisiaca Myristica fragrans Oenothera biennis Perilla frutescens Pisum sativum Polygonum aequale Prunella vulgaris Ribes nigrum Salix alba Solanum melongena Trifolium pratense Vaccinium corymbosum vaccinium myrtillus Vitis vinifera Zingiber officinale Europinidin It can be found in species of Plumbago and Ceratostigma Luteolinidin Sorghum bicolor Zea Mays Pelargonidin It produces a characteristic orange color, and can be found in red geraniums, and ripe raspberries and strawberries, as well as blueberries, blackberries, plums and cranberries and pomegranates. It is present in large amounts in red kidney beans. Acacia dealbata Musa x paradisiaca Pisum sativum Tropaeolum majus Vitis vinifera Zea Mays Malvidin It is primarily responsible for the color of red wine, Vitis vinifera being one of its sources. It is also one of the anthocyanidins responsible for the blue pigment found in the Primula plants of the polyanthus group. catharanthus roseus crocus sativus Malva moschata Malva silvestris Musa x paradisiaca Punica granatum Trifolium pratense Vaccinium corymbosum Vaccinium myrtillus Vitis Vitis vinifera Peonidin Peonidin gives purplish-red hues to flowers such as the peony, from which it takes its name, and roses. It is also present in some blue flowers, such as the morning glory. Ipomoea Batatas Musa x paradisiaca Origanum vulgare Vaccinium corymbosum Vaccinium myrtillus Vitis vinifera Petunidin It is a dark-red or purple water-soluble pigment found in many redberries including chokeberries (Aronia sp), Saskatoon berries (Amelanchier alnifolia) or different species of grape (for instance Vitis vinifera, or muscadine, Vitis rotundifolia), and also part of the pigments responsible for the petal colors in many flowers. The name of the molecule itself is derived from the word Petunia. catharanthus roseus Crocus sativus Musa x paradisiaca Pisum sativum Vaccinium corymbosum Vaccinium myrtillus Vitis vinifera Rosinidin It is a pigment found in the flowers of Catharanthus roseus and, in lower concentration, in Primula rosea